![]() Unlike a traditional login, SRP ensures you never have to share sensitive information. Industry-standard Transport Layer Security (TLS) provides a first line of defence, but we’ve bolstered it with a custom protocol known as Secure Remote Password (SRP) that handles communication between your devices and the 1Password servers. Since we never see your account password or Secret Key, we need some other way to confirm your identity to make sure your encrypted data is only accessible to you. You don’t need to share secrets to confirm your identity In essence, all communication between your devices and 1Password’s servers is encrypted end-to-end, and the critical keys an attacker would need to decrypt your vault data on our servers are never sent over the network where they could be intercepted. When you sign in to 1Password, your information is further protected by a unique communication system that ensures neither your account password nor Secret Key are ever sent over the network. End-to-end encryption keeps your information safe And, like your account password, your Secret Key is never sent to our servers. ![]() Secret Keys are impossible to guess they’re generated from a range of 2^128 possibilities. Only you possess it, and it’s stored solely on the devices you choose. The Secret Key is an account-specific, 26 character, 128-bit strong encryption ingredient generated on your device when you first create your account. You don’t need to memorize this key, nor do you need to enter it every time you unlock a trusted device. When you sign in to 1Password on a new device, you’ll also need your Secret Key. No matter how you create it, your account password is never visible to us. Plus, suggested passwords are generated entirely on your device. Suggestions are drawn from a pool of 18,000 words, so a four-word suggested password is one of about 100 million billion possible combinations. If you need inspiration, you can use our password generator when you set up your account. Make sure to use something long, unique, and memorable. Your account password is the only one you need to remember. Only the encrypted vault data lives on our servers, so neither 1Password nor an attacker who somehow manages to guess or steal your account password would be able to access your vaults – or what’s inside them. The two are combined on-device to encrypt your vault data and are never sent to 1Password. Only you know your account password, and your Secret Key is generated locally during setup. Three things are needed to decrypt your information: the encrypted data itself, your account password, and your Secret Key. Here’s why your information is safe in 1Password, and why you don’t need to worry about your passwords being exposed if our servers were to be attacked. In fact, it’s a question we asked ourselves when we designed 1Password’s security model. So a question like, “What happens if 1Password gets hacked?” is completely reasonable. You trust us with some of your most valuable data: confidential logins, bank information, secure notes, and more. ContentsĮnd-to-end encryption keeps your information safe But even if it was, we’ve designed our systems to make sure your passwords and information would still be safe. A random ngram from a uniform distribution of a normal person's vocabulary would require hundreds of billions of guesses.We’ve been protecting our customers' data for over fifteen years, and in all that time 1Password has never been hacked. For example, a 3 word ngram from the UN declaration of human rights requires only 4096 guesses to find. An attacker can use this knowledge to try the more common words first, significantly reducing the amount of time needed to guess the pass phrase.Įnglish n grams, actual phrases from English text, are even more predictable. If you pick a pass phrase by sampling an English text, some words are much more likely to show up in your passphrase than others. ![]() The common-sense reason for this is quite intuitive: some English words are used much more frequently than other English words. In technical terms this is because a Zipf sample has less entropy than a uniform sample. Being generated by humans, the text on Reddit will follow something like a Zipf distribution rather than the uniform distribution that would give the XKCD result. The problem is that Reddit is a rather poor entropy source (and the XKCD guy oversimplified his math). This is a fun idea, but I wouldn't use it's output to generate important pass phrases.
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